Pat the shrimp dry with paper towels. In a bowl, toss the shrimp with Cajun seasoning, salt, and pepper to coat evenly.
Heat the butter in a large skillet over medium-high heat. Add the garlic and cook for about 30 seconds until fragrant. Add the shrimp and cook 2-5 minutes per side until pink and opaque.
Remove the skillet from the heat. Garnish with chopped cilantro if desired, and serve immediately with lime wedges for squeezing.