In a large skillet over medium-high heat, cook the ground beef until browned, about 5-10 minutes. Drain excess grease.
Add the diced onion and minced garlic to the skillet with the beef. Cook until the onions are translucent.
Stir in the tomato paste, chili powder, garlic powder, Italian seasoning, ground mustard, salt, and black pepper. Cook for 1-2 minutes until fragrant.
Pour in the beef broth and add the uncooked elbow macaroni. Bring to a boil, then reduce the heat to a simmer. Cook until the pasta is tender and most of the liquid is absorbed, about 12-15 minutes. If the broth is absorbed but the pasta isn't ready, add more broth and cook a few minutes longer.
Remove the skillet from the heat and stir in the shredded cheddar cheese until melted and combined.